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Rolled Metal Handbook: Sections, Mass of 1 m, Metres per Tonne
Fastener Sizes: Bolts, Nuts and Washers — Dimensions and Mass
The tables list hexagon head bolts with a reduced head, hexagon nuts and plain washers: thread, width across flats, height, washer diameters and mass of 1000 pieces. With these data the mass of the fasteners of a structure is easy to work out. The GOST designations in this article are former standards: most of them have been withdrawn in Ukraine, so check the sizes against the project requirements.
Contents
How to use the tables
Dimensions are in millimetres, the mass of 1000 pieces in kilograms. To get the mass of one part in grams you need no conversion: 1 kg per 1000 pieces equals 1 g per piece. So an M12 nut of 15.67 kg per thousand weighs 15.67 g.
A metric thread is written with the letter M and the diameter in millimetres, for example M16. If the pitch is not given, the coarse pitch is meant. Sizes in brackets are not recommended in the standards. For the mass of bolts by length see the text of the standard; the head dimensions are given here.
Hexagon head bolts
Bolts to DSTU GOST 7796:2008 have a reduced hexagon head and accuracy class B. Width across flats S and head height k depend on the diameter. The S of these bolts equals that of nuts to GOST 5915-70, so one spanner fits both the bolt and the nut.
Hexagon head bolts, reduced head, accuracy class B: dimensions · ДСТУ ГОСТ 7796:2008
| Thread d, mm | Coarse pitch, mm | Width across flats S, mm | Head height k, mm | Across corners e, mm |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M6 | 1 | 10 | 4 | 10.9 |
| M8 | 1.25 | 13 | 5.3 | 14.2 |
| M10 | 1.5 | 16 | 6.4 | 17.6 |
| M12 | 1.75 | 18 | 7.5 | 19.9 |
| M14 | 2 | 21 | 8.8 | 22.8 |
| M16 | 2 | 24 | 10 | 26.2 |
| M18 | 2.5 | 27 | 12 | 29.6 |
| M20 | 2.5 | 30 | 12.5 | 33 |
| M22 | 2.5 | 34 | 14 | 37.3 |
| M24 | 3 | 36 | 15 | 39.6 |
| M27 | 3 | 41 | 17 | 45.2 |
| M30 | 3.5 | 46 | 18.7 | 50.9 |
| M36 | 4 | 55 | 22.5 | 60.8 |
| M42 | 4.5 | 65 | 26 | 71.3 |
| M48 | 5 | 75 | 30 | 82.6 |
S is the width across flats, k the head height, e the across-corners diameter, mm. Bolt lengths and thread lengths are in the tables of the standard.
Hexagon nuts
A nut is chosen for a bolt by its thread. Every diameter has a coarse pitch and, for most sizes, a fine one. The mass is given for nuts with the coarse pitch.
Hexagon nuts, accuracy class B: dimensions and mass · ГОСТ 5915-70 (former)
| Thread d, mm | Coarse pitch, mm | Fine pitch, mm | Width across flats S, mm | Across corners e, mm | Height m, mm | Mass of 1000 pcs, kg | Mass of 1 pc, g |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M1.6 | 0.35 | — | 3.2 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 0.074 | 0.074 |
| M2 | 0.4 | — | 4 | 4.2 | 1.6 | 0.141 | 0.141 |
| M2.5 | 0.45 | — | 5 | 5.3 | 2 | 0.272 | 0.272 |
| M3 | 0.5 | — | 5.5 | 5.9 | 2.4 | 0.377 | 0.377 |
| (M3.5) | 0.6 | — | 6 | 6.4 | 2.8 | 0.497 | 0.497 |
| M4 | 0.7 | — | 7 | 7.5 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| M5 | 0.8 | — | 8 | 8.6 | 4.7 | 1.44 | 1.44 |
| M6 | 1 | — | 10 | 10.9 | 5.2 | 2.573 | 2.573 |
| M8 | 1.25 | 1 | 13 | 14.2 | 6.8 | 5.548 | 5.548 |
| M10 | 1.5 | 1.25 | 16 | 17.6 | 8.4 | 10.22 | 10.22 |
| M12 | 1.75 | 1.25 | 18 | 19.9 | 10.8 | 15.67 | 15.67 |
| (M14) | 2 | 1.5 | 21 | 22.8 | 12.8 | 25.33 | 25.33 |
| M16 | 2 | 1.5 | 24 | 26.2 | 14.8 | 37.61 | 37.61 |
| (M18) | 2.5 | 1.5 | 27 | 29.6 | 16.4 | 53.27 | 53.27 |
| M20 | 2.5 | 1.5 | 30 | 33 | 18 | 71.44 | 71.44 |
| (M22) | 2.5 | 1.5 | 34 | 37.3 | 19.8 | 103.15 | 103.2 |
| M24 | 3 | 2 | 36 | 39.6 | 21.5 | 122.87 | 122.9 |
| (M27) | 3 | 2 | 41 | 45.2 | 23.6 | 175.28 | 175.3 |
| M30 | 3.5 | 2 | 46 | 50.9 | 25.6 | 242.54 | 242.5 |
| M36 | 4 | 3 | 55 | 60.8 | 31 | 416.78 | 416.8 |
| M42 | 4.5 | 3 | 65 | 71.3 | 34 | 623.88 | 623.9 |
| M48 | 5 | 3 | 75 | 82.6 | 38 | 956.2 | 956.2 |
S is the width across flats, e the across-corners diameter, m the nut height, mm. Sizes in brackets are not recommended.
Plain washers
A plain washer increases the contact area of a bolt head or nut with the part. The standard has two types of washer with different hole diameters and two accuracy classes, C and A, so the table has two hole columns and three mass columns.
Plain washers: dimensions and mass · ГОСТ 11371-78 (former)
| Thread d, mm | Hole d1, mm (type 1) | Hole d1, mm (type 2) | Outside diameter D, mm | Thickness s, mm | Mass of 1000 pcs, kg: type 1, class C | Mass of 1000 pcs, kg: type 1, class A | Mass of 1000 pcs, kg: type 2, class A |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 3.5 | 0.3 | 0.02 | 0.02 | — |
| 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 4 | 0.3 | 0.026 | 0.026 | — |
| 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 4 | 0.3 | 0.025 | 0.025 | — |
| 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 4 | 0.3 | 0.024 | 0.024 | — |
| 2 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 5 | 0.3 | 0.036 | 0.037 | — |
| 2.5 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 6.5 | 0.5 | — | — | — |
| 3 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 7 | 0.5 | 0.115 | 0.119 | — |
| 3.5 | — | 3.7 | 8 | 0.5 | — | 0.155 | — |
| 4 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 9 | 0.8 | 0.299 | 0.308 | — |
| 5 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 10 | 1 | 0.43 | 0.443 | 0.413 |
| 6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 12 | 1.6 | 0.99 | 1.016 | 0.925 |
| 8 | 9 | 8.4 | 16 | 1.6 | 1.725 | 1.828 | 1.706 |
| 10 | 11 | 10.5 | 20 | 2 | 3.438 | 3.571 | 3.333 |
| 12 | 13.5 | 13 | 24 | 2.5 | 6.066 | 6.27 | 5.824 |
| 14 | 15.5 | 15 | 28 | 2.5 | 8.377 | 8.612 | 8.089 |
| 16 | 17.5 | 17 | 30 | 3 | 10.976 | 11.295 | 10.491 |
| 18 | 20 | 19 | 34 | 3 | 13.976 | 14.697 | 13.782 |
| 20 | 22 | 21 | 37 | 3 | 16.361 | 17.156 | 16.157 |
| 22 | 24 | 23 | 39 | 3 | 17.47 | 18.339 | 17.285 |
| 24 | 26 | 25 | 44 | 4 | 31.058 | 32.315 | 30.211 |
| 27 | 30 | 28 | 50 | 4 | 39.438 | 42.298 | 39.898 |
| 30 | 33 | 31 | 56 | 4 | 50.456 | 53.612 | 50.917 |
| 33 | — | 34 | 60 | 5 | — | 75.303 | 70.809 |
| 36 | 39 | 37 | 66 | 5 | 87.35 | 92.033 | 87.078 |
| 39 | — | 40 | 72 | 6 | — | 132.513 | 124.748 |
| 42 | 45 | 43 | 78 | 7 | 175.088 | 182.68 | 171.256 |
| 48 | 52 | 50 | 92 | 8 | 283.956 | 294.013 | 276.397 |
d1 is the hole diameter, D the outside diameter, s the thickness, mm. A dash marks a value that could not be confirmed in the text of the standard.
How to work out the fasteners of a structure
The mass of fasteners is found by addition: the number of bolts, nuts and washers is multiplied by the mass of one part. For a set of an M16 nut and two washers for that diameter: 37.61 + 2 × 10.98 ≈ 59.6 g without the bolt.
In KMD drawings fasteners are usually listed in the specification separately from rolled metal. The mass of the rolled metal itself comes quickly from the metal weight calculator.
Calculator and ordering
Anchor bolts for the foundations of poles and masts are described in the article “Anchor bolts for poles and masts”. Other sections are collected in the rolled metal handbook. If you need a structure with fasteners to your drawings, send them with the request.
Updated:
Fasteners: frequently asked questions
How much does an M12 nut weigh?
An M12 nut to GOST 5915-70 weighs 15.67 g. A thousand such nuts weigh 15.67 kg.
What does width across flats mean?
The distance between opposite faces of a bolt head or nut. It is the spanner size: 18 mm for M12.
Which thread pitch is meant if the designation does not give one?
The coarse one. For example, M12 means a thread with a 1.75 mm pitch. A fine pitch is written separately, for example M12×1.25.
Why does the washer table have several mass columns?
The standard has two types of washer and two accuracy classes with different hole diameters, so their mass differs.
Related products: Custom steel fabrication · Steel structure design (structural and detail drawings)
More on this topic: I-beam Sections: Mass of 1 m, Dimensions and Section Properties · Rebar Sections: Mass of 1 m, Section Area and Metres per Tonne · Round, Square and Hexagon Bar Sections: Mass of 1 m and Sizes · Sheet and Flat Bar Sections: Mass of 1 m² and 1 m · Channel Sections: Mass of 1 m, Dimensions and Section Properties · Equal-leg Angle Sections: Mass of 1 m and Section Properties
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